We are all looking for silver linings at the moment, but it is not only in joyful or happy circumstances that God and God’s gifts can be found. David Lonsdale is inspired by T.S. Eliot to think that the circumstances in which we are currently living are offering us ‘the grace of a particular time and place’, and suggests that an Ignatian way of praying will help us to receive that grace.
In the last few months I have had occasion to read, re-read and mull over T.S. Eliot’s poem ‘Marina’, which he wrote in 1930 (T.S. Eliot, Collected Poems 1909-1962 [1974], pp. 115-116). The poem is a monologue spoken by a man who, after long and apparently difficult journeys by boat, finds himself on an unfamiliar seashore:
What seas what shores what grey rocks and what islands
What water lapping the bow
And scent of pine and the woodthrush singing through the fog
The state of his boat is testimony to the hardships he has undergone:
Bowsprit cracked with ice and paint cracked with heat…
The rigging weak and the canvas rotten…
The garboard strake leaks, the seams need caulking…
As the poem continues, the speaker gradually comes to understand that on this seashore he is in a place of grace. In this place he is being offered the possibility of a new life, in many ways different from the one that has gone before. Aspects of this new life are conveyed in a series of images: ‘The awakened, lips parted, the hope, the new ships.’
In his later poetry Eliot also meditated on significant times or moments of grace, as well as places:
…the moment in the rose-garden,
The moment in the arbour where the rain beat,
The moment in the draughty church at smokefall…’
(T.S. Eliot, ‘Burnt Norton’, Collected Poems 1909-1962 [1974], p. 192).
In many people’s lives, such times and places of grace are not always or necessarily experiences of obvious or immediate joy, solace, serenity or happiness. Many of us understand from experience that times and places of bereavement, ill-health, loss and even oppression and violence, for example, can reveal themselves as special moments and places in which we discover, sometimes to our surprise, a gift of grace. The discovery may come in the experience itself or, perhaps more often, in hindsight.
This belief that grace can be offered and accepted in times and places of suffering and hardship is not a result of natural optimism or ‘positive thinking’, or a temperamental disposition to see a silver lining in every cloud. I am thinking rather of a faith-based conviction that we live in a universe of grace; that God is present in and can be found in all things; that there are no circumstances in which, often in spite of appearances, the Spirit of God is not alive and active and inviting us to respond. It is a recognition of the everlasting generativity or creativity of God, God’s power to bring new life, new possibilities for human living, even in the most unpromising circumstances.
In Eliot’s ‘Marina’, the speaker’s response to the offer of grace is acceptance and a commitment to the new life:
…let me
Resign my life for this life, my speech for that unspoken,
The awakened, lips parted, the hope, the new ships.
If you move in Ignatian spirituality circles you will probably be familiar with a form of regular prayer usually referred to as ‘the examen’. The word ‘examen’ is connected to ‘(self)-examination’ and the prayer involves recalling and reflecting on particular times and places in one’s life – it may be a day, a week or longer. Ignatius believed that this form of prayer was especially valuable for busy people. He recognised that Jesuits were likely to be busy people and stipulated that they should make time for a daily examen as an aid to everyday discernment, even if their mission did not allow time for any other form of personal prayer. In the form in which Ignatius describes the examen in the first week of the Spiritual Exercises, where it is offered as a prayer that all Christians might practise, it is very much a traditional ‘examination of conscience’ based on the commandments and the ‘deadly sins and their corresponding virtues’. In this form its appeal is understandably limited in the contemporary world. In the 1960s, however, a Jesuit called George Aschenbrenner offered a new, updated approach to praying the examen and revealed its potential as a form of prayerful remembering and reflecting on God’s gifts over a particular period of time with a view to informing the choices that give shape and direction to one’s daily life.
In this present pandemic there is much talk in the media and all around us about life afterwards and how this will or will not be affected by the experiences we have lived through during these months: losses of friends or family members, restrictions on movement, travel and visits, enforced isolation, the dangers of infection, being confined to one place, working from home, and so forth. Looking to the future, people are talking about whether the pandemic has changed us and, if so, how? What has it shown us about the way we lived before it struck? Are we going to go back to the same or live differently? If differently, why and how and, crucially, what are we using as a guide to the new life?
Eliot’s ‘Marina’ suggests to me that it is worth exploring the possibility that Covid-19 may be offering us the grace of a particular time and place. And in connection with that I want to outline a way in which the Ignatian examen might furnish a prayerful method of reflection to guide us into the future. Such a reflection might have the following elements.
- A general prayer of thanksgiving for gifts received, in recognition that ‘all that is good and every gift descend from on high…as rays descend from the sun, and waters from a fountain’ (Spiritual Exercises §237).
- A prayer to the Holy Spirit for enlightenment and guidance in this period of reflection.
- Memory: calling to mind the gifts received in particular places and over a particular period of time during this pandemic, with a prayer of thanksgiving.
- Reflection: how have I responded to these gifts of grace? A prayer of sorrow if I have in any way neglected or abused them.
- Reflection: from my experience so far, can I identify a grace associated with this time of pandemic and the particular places in which I have lived?
- Reflection: how might I accept and respond to this grace in such a way that it helps to give shape and direction to life in the future?
- A prayer of thanksgiving for blessings received.
It is unlikely of course that the answers to these questions will come at once. Waiting on God in patient silence is a central element in contemplative prayer. However, repeated gently over time, the examen, I would suggest, allows an awareness of grace offered in particular times and places to emerge, albeit slowly, and enlarges and strengthens one’s capacity to respond to it courageously, generously and wisely going into the future.
…let me
Resign my life for this life, my speech for that unspoken,
The awakened, lips parted, the hope, the new ships.
David Lonsdale taught Christian spirituality at Heythrop College, University of London, for many years and is the author of Eyes to See, Ears to Hear: An Introduction to Ignatian Spirituality and Dance to the Music of the Spirit: The Art of Discernment.